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(No Model.)

J. B. JOHNSON. GAR TRUGK No. 447,430. 124441115944441. s, 1891.

PIE- E;

UNITED STATESA PATENT .-Oruicn.

JESSE B. JOHNSON, OSF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

CAR-TRUCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 447,430, dated March 3, 1891.

Application tiled August 6, 1890. kSerial No. 361,176l (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JESSE B. JOHNSON, of Indianapolis, county of Marion, and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oar-Trucks; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters and iigures refer to like parts.

My invention relates to improvements in the construction of trucks for street-cars an d will be understood from the following description.

In the drawings, Figure'l is a vertical section of my device, the axle and wheel being partially broken away. Fig. 2 is an inside end view of a modified form of the device shown in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a section on the line Fig. l. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail view of the T-spring. Fig. 5 is a side view of the double pawl.

In detail, c is the axle, which is shouldered in the rear at l and in front at 2,.as shown.

b Ais a taper boxing, which is shrunk on the axle at the rear, its end abutting the shoulder l, and about this is a metal lining Z and in front is a similar lining Z, which rests upon the tapered bushing b', which is keyed to the' axle a. The hub Z1, of the wheel w moves directly upon these metal linings Z Z. r r are metal dustrings or collars, which are shrunk upon the hub, covering the joint of the metal linings.

ois an oil-chamber having an outletthrough the hub, which is closed by the screw-pin s.

c is a collar or washer, which has openings or seats for the keys Zt, and between these keys fits loosely upon the axle.

Z.; are keys, which are seated in grooves in the axle passing through the collar c and the nut-ring n, the threads of this nut engaging with similar threads formed on the outer faces of the keys, and when turned down tight the nut is locked by means of the setscrews s, which bear upon small blocks 9, set in the 'screw-holes and resting on the keys, preventing the nut from working loose, while the keys perform the same oice for the collar c, and the end of each key abuts against the shoulder 2 of theaxle, as shown in Fig.

1.- The collar c, having notches which iit down over the keys 7o, cannot move, and therefore the friction of the wheel against this collar has no effect Whatever upon the ring-nut it and cannot move it.

If'either the taperinginner face of the hub h or of the brass linings Z Z should become worn, the outer tapering sleeve or boxing bf can be forced in by turning the ring-nut fn., this boxing thus operating as a Wedge, and this will tighten the parts and take up any lost motion which arises from such Wear. Vhen the nut is turned, the pressure of the collar or washer c throws the tapering sleeve b directly in, and the same operation forces the rear part of the hub back against the tapering sleeve b and back upon the bmss lining Z. Thus the wear on either side is entirely compensated and taken up by turning the nut. Y Of course the set-screwss are to be first.

loosened, and when the nut has been turned sufficiently these are to be tightened, locking the parts in place, and this is accomplished without moving the wheel from its proper relative position, keeping it always upon the track and preventing its derailment. The

opening o serves not only as a reservoir forl oil, but affords room for the pushing back of the tapering sleeves for. tightening the parts. The tendency of the oil is to work out of this chamber along the face of the linings Z Z and out at the joint beneath the rings r i", and this movement of the oil acts also to prevent dust from entering at those points, thus overcoming a serious difficulty heretofore met in the use of a wheel which is loose upon the axle. f

A In Fig. 2 I show a modification of the device which is adapted to be used upon cars propelled by motors where the power is connected directly to theaxle. In this case'the interior arrangement is similar to that shown in Fig. l; but the rear dust-ring 7' is toothed on the outside, forming a ratchet- Wheel, (shown at r2 in Fig. 2,) and the boxing Z9 has a projection or ear e, which extends upward, and to this is bolted a T-spring 6, (shown in Fig. 4,) having shoulders 7and a latch S, forming notches to receive the arm of the double pawl, as hereinafter described. Behind this T-spring is an arm 3, to which is connected ICO WSO

below a double pawl pp, which is pivoted to the eareof the boxing Z),thesepawls being adapted to engage alternately with the notches of the ratchet-wheel r2. In Fig. 2 the right-hand pawl is shown as engaging with the ratchetwheel, the car wheel and axle a moving in the direction of the arrows, and of course as the car-wheel moves the boxing b moves with it and the ratchet-wheel, so that it will turn with the axle until a curve is reached.

1n rounding a curve the ordinary car-wheel, being rigid on the axle, will slip and grind against the side of the rail, cutting away the wheel-flange and the rail, while in my device, the car-wheel being normally loose on t-he axle and only locked by the pawl mechanism herein described, the wheel will then move faster than the axle and slip away from the pawl, and the latter will drop into notch after notch of the ratchet-wheel until the curve is passed, when t-he movement of the wheel will again equal that of the axle, and the wheel will be locked to the axle by means of the pawl. Of course this pawl-and-ratchet mechanism is unnecessary where cars are pulled by cables or horses, for in such case the power is not applied directly to the axle of the wheel. It is only necessary upon a motor-car where power is applied to the axle. Therefore the trailers of an electric railway need not be equipped with the pawl and ratchet* Vhen a car thus equipped has reached the end of the line or when the car is to be backed and run in an opposite direction, the operator takes hold of a lever connected with the car and throws the stop S15 (shown in the full lines in Fig. 2) over to the second'position shown in the dotted lines to the left. In this movement it will strike the arm 3 at about the point shown in the intermediate dotted lines, and as it moves on it carries with it the arm 3 over to the position shown in the left dotted lines, whereit enters the opposite notch in the Tspring, and this causes the pawl on the left-hand side to engage with the teeth of the ratchet r2, asshown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, and the car-wheel is again locked to the axle.

It will be understood that the shifting of the pawl can only be accomplished by the lever when the arm 3 is in position at the upper side of the wheel, so that it can engage with such lever, and inasmuch as it revolves with the axleduring the greater part of its movement it is not in position to engage with such lever, and when the car has been stopped the operator would have to shift the pawls by hand; hence it is advisable to shift the pawls before the car stops and when the arm 3 is in proper position to engage with the lever;

The locking mechanism herein shown might be used with straight instead of taper boxings, and-I do not intend to limit myself to the use-of this locking mechanism to taper boxings alone. The first part of my invention therefore relates to the use of a car-wheel loosely mounted and revolving upon the axle, and of adjustable boxings for taking up the lost motion occasioned by the wear of parts, and means for preventing these parts from getting loose, while in the second place Iprovide a pawl-and-ratchct mechanism for lockin g the loose wheel to the axle and thus causing it to revolve with it, where the power must be applied directly to such axle.

That I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is the following:

l. In a car-truck, the axle a, shouldered at l and 2, as shown, the adjustable taper boxing b, rigidly connected to such axle behind, and the taper bushing b', keyed to such axle in front of the wheel, metal liningsl l', superimposed about such boxing and bushing, dustrings vr o", shrunk upon the opposite sides of the wheel-hub, the wheel adapted to revolve upon such boxings, an oil-chamber formed in the hub thereof, with means, such as a locknut and washer, for securing the parts in place, all combined substantially as shown and described.

2. In a car-truck, an axle a, a taper boxing ZJ, and bushing b secured thereon, a wheel w, adapted to revolve upon such taper bushing and boxing, and a ratchet and double pawl mechanism connected thereto for alternately locking the wheel to the axle on the opposite sides, all combined substantially as shown and described.

In a car-truck, an axle, taperv boxings rigidly connected thereto, a wheel loosely mounted on such boxings, metallic linings interposed between the wheel and such boxings, and means, such as` a locknut and washer, for holding the parts in place and taking up the lost motion occasioned by wear, all combined substantially as shown and described.

4. A car-truck wherein the wheel revolves upon taper boxings rigidly connected to the axle in-the rear and detachably connected to the axle infront, with means, suchlas a locknut, operating upon keys whose outer faces are threaded, and a washer loosely mounted on the axle for taking up lost motion occaf sioned by the wear of the parts, all combined substantially as shown and described.

5. A cartruck wherein the wheel revolves upon a boxing rigidly connected to the axle in the rear, and a bushing det-aehably conf nected to the axle in front, a washer loosely mounted on such axle outside such bushing, with means, such asa lock-nut, operating upon keyswhose outer faces are threaded, such keys passing through such washer and keying the bushing to the axle for taking up lost motion occasioned by the wear of the parts, all combined substantially as shown and described.

G. In a car-truck, an axle, a boxing rigidly connected thereto behind the wheel, abushing keyed to such axle in front of the wheel,

IOO

IIO

:L Wheel loosely mounted on such boxing, and In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my means, such as :iV lock-nut and Washer, with hand this lst day of August, 1890.

keys threaded upon the ontsidefoi engaging with such nul'. foi' holding the parts in place and taking up lost motion occasioned by Witnesses: wear, all combined substantially as shown Il. D. NEALY, and described. E. B. GRIFFITH.

'JESSE B. JOHNSON. 

